> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.arco.financial/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.
# Crypto-native (Static Asset)
Mainnet product guide draft · English v1.0 · 14 October 2026
[Savings](/products/savings) · [Crypto-native (Staking)](/products/savings/staking) · [Arco Saving Vault](/distribution-os/arco-saving-vault)
Crypto-native (Static Asset) is the Savings category for crypto capital allocated through an Arco vault to a market maker's managed investment accounts. Customers deposit the selected product's asset and receive vault shares. Arco transfers the assigned capital to the MM-managed account under the management and capital-return arrangements, then connects verified net assets and performance to share valuation and redemption.
“Static Asset” is the category name. It does not mean the capital remains idle, the share price is fixed, or the strategy guarantees principal or yield. MM management is an investment activity with gains, losses, costs and recovery conditions.
## Product overview
| Item | Static Asset Vault design |
| - | - |
| Deposit | The product's specified crypto asset, representation and deposit network |
| Position | Product-specific vault shares with their stated rights, valuation unit and transfer conditions |
| Capital allocation | Transfer from the vault to MM-managed investment accounts under the applicable agreements |
| Strategy | The MM's approved investment mandate, including its permitted activities, assets and markets |
| Valuation | Net assets attributable to the vault, measured in the product's reference asset or currency, divided by shares outstanding |
| Performance | Observed net investment performance after the applicable losses, costs and obligations |
| Custody and authority | Vault controls and external MM account custody, trading and withdrawal permissions are specified separately |
| Redemption | Capital return and settlement into the specified customer payout asset and network |
| Liquidity | Standard recovery; Instant only through an offered, executable internal or OTC route |
The deposit asset, the assets used by the MM and the payout asset are separate product fields. A crypto deposit does not establish that all positions remain in that asset or that all costs and returns are denominated in it. The product identifies its valuation and conversion policy. It does not inherit a dollar peg or the sarcoUSD token from Stablecoin Savings.
## Capital and information flow
The diagram describes the product's capital path, not a named custody provider, trading venue, deployed execution interface or processing time. This guide uses the MM-managed account model: committed capital is transferred out for MM management and returned to the vault for settlement.
| Stage | What is confirmed |
| - | - |
| Deposit receipt | Accepted customer payment asset, quantity and recipient |
| Share allocation | The applicable price basis, allocated quantity and customer position |
| Capital transfer | The authorized allocation and actual receipt in the designated MM-managed account |
| Strategy operation | Vault-attributed balances, positions, trades, obligations and costs under the mandate |
| Valuation | Reconciled net assets and a dated share price, with performance measured separately |
| Capital recovery | Return instructions, necessary position settlement and actual receipt back by the vault |
| Customer payout | The specified payout asset, recipient and actual receipt after settlement |
A deposit acknowledgement is not share issuance; MM receipt is not investment performance; a return instruction is not recovered capital. Each stage retains its own completion evidence. Moving capital between the vault and the MM is not itself a gain or loss.
## MM management, custody and authority
The MM manages the allocated capital in its designated investment accounts under the approved mandate. The agreements and account permissions distinguish trading authority, account access, asset withdrawal, capital-return obligations and reporting responsibilities. The description does not assume that an Arco-controlled account retains all assets while the MM has only trading access.
| Role | Product responsibility |
| - | - |
| Customer | Authorizes participation and holds the issued position under the product's terms |
| Arco | Connects participation, capital allocation, valuation records, recovery tracking and customer settlement |
| MM manager | Operates the approved mandate in the designated accounts, supplies account and strategy records, and returns capital under the agreed conditions |
| Custody and execution arrangements | Identify where each asset is held, who can move it and which approvals govern the vault and external accounts |
Vault authority does not by itself give Arco direct withdrawal control over an external MM account. Assets committed to MM management are evaluated under the actual asset holding, contractual rights and recovery arrangements. Account ownership, segregation, loss allocation and recourse follow those agreements; an investment mandate does not establish custody protections or principal guarantees.
MPC controls, multisig approvals and operational permissions apply according to their actual scope at each account. The ETH Staking Vault's MPC custody and validator Security Council participation are specific to that design. They do not automatically establish MPC custody of MM assets, MM Council membership or the same recovery authority for this product.
## Strategy and performance sources
Describe the MM's actual mandate, assets, markets and permitted activities before presenting performance. The manager's title does not establish a particular spot, derivatives, hedged, lending or market-making strategy. Any return source or exposure shown to customers must correspond to the selected mandate and its records.
A strategy overview connects what the MM does with how it can gain or lose value, the costs it incurs and the conditions under which capital can be returned. Borrowing, leverage, hedging, funding payments and exchange use are included only when part of the approved product. They are not implied by the Static Asset category.
## Share price and net performance
**Share price = net assets attributable to shares in the product's valuation unit ÷ shares outstanding.**
Valuation reconciles the vault's assets and the value attributable to it in the MM-managed accounts under the valuation policy. Account balances, open positions, realized and unrealized results, costs and obligations are considered on one consistent basis. The MM's reported return is not simply applied to the customer's share price.
| Accounting area | Treatment |
| - | - |
| Vault and MM assets | Attribute the relevant economic value to this vault; a transfer or return is counted once across its stages |
| Positions and trading results | Use the agreed valuation basis; gains or losses already reflected in balances or position value are not added or deducted again |
| Costs and obligations | Account for accrued and paid expenses, liabilities and any recovery restrictions consistently |
| Customer deposits | Separate funds awaiting allocation from existing shareholder assets and the associated allocation or return obligation |
| Customer redemptions | Reconcile outstanding or restricted shares with any fixed unpaid payout obligation |
| Incomplete or stale records | Distinguish an unconfirmed or outdated observation from a current reconciled valuation |
The valuation record identifies its reference time, scope and source records. The product's transaction-validity policy determines which price can be used for issuance or redemption. A transfer confirmation or a manager report alone is not a complete valuation record.
Show period-specific net performance with its reference asset or currency, observation dates and treatment of costs. If an annualized rate is shown, disclose the calculation and capital basis separately from compounded APY and future expectations. Cash flows into or out of the portfolio are not investment returns. A crypto-denominated gain can coincide with a USD loss if the reference asset's dollar price falls.
## Standard and Instant Redemption
### Standard capital recovery
A request records the position, recipient, applicable pricing conditions and share processing. Arco follows the capital-return arrangement with the MM. Recovery may involve changes to open positions, settlement of account obligations and return of the available assets. MM payment confirmation and actual vault receipt are reconciled before those assets are treated as available for customer settlement.
| Checkpoint | Meaning |
| - | - |
| Request accepted | The customer request and applicable share restriction are recorded; payment is pending |
| MM return requested | Return instructions and strategy recovery progress are recorded; capital has not necessarily reached the vault |
| Vault receipt confirmed | Returned assets have actually reached the designated vault settlement account |
| Customer payment ready | The specified payout asset is available after any required conversion and settlement |
| Settlement and payout | The applicable price and costs are applied, share and payout obligations are reconciled, and actual customer receipt is verified |
Price fixing, performance and losses during the wait, fees, conversions and burn timing follow the product's settlement policy. If shares are burned before payout, the unpaid payout obligation remains recorded. Restricted but unburned shares remain included in the appropriate outstanding-share accounting.
The manager's recovery indication is distinct from a guaranteed customer payout date. Account access limits, open positions, counterparties, custody and settlement can affect the amount and timing of recoverable capital. A positive NAV is not proof that its full value can be returned immediately.
### Instant liquidity
An offered Instant route uses available vault payout balances or an executable OTC quote. Assets in the MM-managed account are not automatically immediately available to pay the customer. Internal balances are measured after existing obligations and reserved payouts, and the offered quote identifies its fees, limits and net receipt.
An OTC acquisition transfers the shares to the buyer rather than automatically burning them. It is distinct from capital recovery from the MM. When executable liquidity is unavailable, Standard follows the product's actual recovery and settlement conditions. See [Vault Liquidity Architecture](/liquidity/architecture).
## Illustrative share-value example
All numbers are invented for explanation. They are not an actual asset listing, performance history, target return, fee quote or payout commitment. The reference-asset unit below is a hypothetical accounting unit, not a named product token.
Assume a vault has **1,000 net reference-asset units and 1,000 shares**. A customer's deposit is accepted at **10 reference-asset units**, with no entry cost assumed, and **10 shares** are allocated at a price of **1.000**. After issuance, net assets and outstanding shares are both **1,010**. Capital transfer to the MM does not itself change that net value.
Assume no further customer flows, and that all reconciled MM results, costs and losses leave net assets of **1,020.10 units**. The share price is **1,020.10 ÷ 1,010 = 1.010 units**. The customer still holds **10 shares**, valued at **10.10 units**. In an alternative loss case with net assets of **999.90 units**, the price is **0.990** and the same shares are valued at **9.90 units**.
Neither value is a payment receipt. Under a separate assumption of a settlement price of 1.010, no further performance changes and no exit or conversion costs, redeeming 10 shares gives a **10.10-unit** settlement amount. Completion still requires the relevant capital return, payout-asset settlement and verified customer receipt. The product's actual policy determines its price, costs and token processing.
## Eligibility and risk
Access, transfer conditions, minimums and limits follow the selected product's terms. Wallet connection or API access does not itself establish eligibility or authorize asset movement.
Trading and valuation losses, manager performance, external account and custody access, counterparties, capital-return obligations and payout liquidity can affect the position. Any additional risks from the actual trading mandate are disclosed with that product. Institutional management does not guarantee capital recovery, principal or returns. See [Terms and Risks](/security/terms-and-risks) and [Security and Operations](/security/operations).
## Ethena as a documentation reference
Ethena's [Hedging System](https://docs.ethena.fi/technical-design/hedging-system) is a reference for explaining market data, account and position reconciliation, execution and backing movement separately. These distinctions help connect external investment activity to a customer's valuation and settlement records.
Ethena's [USDe design](https://docs.ethena.fi/overview/how-usde-works) is a synthetic-dollar model with hedging. Its [custody overview](https://docs.ethena.fi/backing-custody-and-security/overview) describes off-exchange settlement in which assets remain with custody providers and are delegated to exchanges. Arco's selected MM-managed account transfer model has its own custody and recovery arrangements. The reference does not establish a USDe-like dollar peg, delta-neutral mandate, Ethena provider integration, reserve protection or the same customer rights for Arco.
## Related guides
* [Stablecoin Savings](/products/savings/stablecoin)
* [Crypto-native (Staking)](/products/savings/staking)
* [Deposits and Redemptions](/liquidity/deposits-and-redemptions)
* [NAV and Returns](/transparency/nav-and-returns)
* [Distribution OS](/distribution-os/overview) and [Integration Guide](/resources/developer-guide)
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